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1. Public policies on long-term care: vulnerability, dependency and deinstitutionalization.

CHAIR: Mar Dieste Campo, m.dieste@unizar.es ; Ana Lucía Hernández Cordero, acordero@unizar.es; Juan David Gómez Quintero, jdgomez@unizar.es

In the current context of demographic change, long-term care has gained increasing prominence in public and academic agendas. The aging of the population, the increase in life expectancy and the limitations that affect the autonomy of dependent persons present a crucial challenge for the formulation of effective public policies. This working group seeks to promote an in-depth and multidimensional reflection on the management, provision, access, sustainability and quality of long-term care in various socioeconomic contexts.
Demographic and social changes impose a growing demand for care that not only challenges the traditional family-based model, but also raises the need to develop comprehensive policies that respond to the needs of dependent persons. In this context, it is a priority to address vulnerability, understood as the state of greater susceptibility and fragility experienced by those who depend on external care. Furthermore, dependency refers not only to the physical and/or mental limitations that affect people's autonomy, but also to the social and economic networks that support the well-being and quality of life of these people.
The deinstitutionalization model, which promotes alternatives to institutional care through community and home-based services, is a central theme of this working group. This model advocates for more personalized care approaches that respect the dignity and autonomy of individuals, encouraging their integration into the community. The shift of care to less restrictive contexts requires, however, public policies that ensure resources, regulations, and equitable access to services that meet quality standards.
Regarding employment in the care sector, this working group will also explore the characteristics of employment in this field, which is strongly feminized and presents specific challenges in terms of working conditions and stability. The promotion of working conditions is also essential to ensure both the sustainability of the system and the quality of care provided.
This working group is, therefore, a space to analyze and promote intersectoral and collaborative strategies that favor both the welfare of people in situations of dependency and that of the professionals employed in this sector, avoiding fragmented approaches and betting on collaboration between the public, private and civil sectors. The discussion around the sustainability of long-term care policies is vital, insofar as solutions must be not only effective, but also economically viable in the long term.

Aims:
1. To generate a space for dialogue and reflection around the challenges and opportunities of long-term care policies.
2. To explore comprehensive and cross-sectoral approaches to address vulnerability and dependency in older adults and people with special care needs.
3. Analyze the deinstitutionalization model and its implementation in different contexts, discussing barriers and opportunities.
4. To promote the exchange of experiences and good practices in the formulation and management of inclusive and sustainable care policies.
5. To examine working conditions in the long-term care sector, as well as proposals for improvement and models of good practice in this sector.
6. To foster collaboration between academics, policy makers, and civil society organizations for the co-creation of innovative and sustainable policies in the field of long-term care.

Contribution profile
We look forward to receiving academic and public policy contributions that address the issue of long-term care from interdisciplinary, national and international perspectives. Papers may include empirical research, case studies, theoretical reviews or policy analysis, and should focus on issues such as vulnerability, dependency and deinstitutionalization of care. Comparative studies and those that explore the implementation and evaluation of specific policies in different geographical contexts are especially welcome. Contributions should offer rigorous and well-founded analyses that enrich the discussion on the sustainability, accessibility and quality of long-term care, proposing innovative approaches that promote the autonomy, dignity and well-being of dependent individuals.

2. Data and Social Work

CHAIR: Antonio Eito Mateo, antoni@unizar.es, Mª José Gómez Poyato, mjgomez@unizar.es, Antonio Matias Solanilla, amatias@unizar.es

The global expansion of the digital infrastructure, characterized by large data centers and the growing power of technological corporations, has given rise to new forms of inequality and domination in the field of digital rights. Data capitalism, sustained by the massive collection of information and its monetization, presents significant challenges to the digital sovereignty of individuals and states. In this context, concepts such as privacy, data ownership and individual autonomy are being reformulated by the conditions imposed by the market and technological development.
The centralization of data in the hands of a small number of corporations has profoundly transformed the dynamics of power and social control. These companies, through access to personal information and advanced analytical tools, not only have the capacity to influence the behavior of individuals, but also affect key aspects of practices. This trend raises urgent questions about the sustainability of current legal frameworks for the protection of individual rights and social equity in a hyper-connected environment.
Moreover, the rapid integration of artificial intelligence into public services poses additional challenges. Algorithms, which often lack transparency and have inherent biases, can perpetuate and amplify pre-existing inequalities. As governments implement AI-based public policies that can affect people's lives.
This roundtable aims to gather all contributions that analyze these issues from a critical and multidisciplinary perspective of data and Social Work. It seeks to explore how public policies can be adapted to protect human rights in an emerging digital environment. We want to promote a debate that includes contributions from different perspectives, thus allowing a comprehensive view of the challenges and possible solutions.

Aims
1. Analyze the impact of data on Social Work.
2. To examine the role of data centers and their influence on social policies and Social Work.
3. To investigate the effects of artificial intelligence in social contexts.

Contribution profile
Contributions are expected that address, from a theoretical or applied approach, the intersection between human rights, Social Work and digital technologies. Papers may focus on case studies, analysis of public policies, normative proposals or theoretical reflections, etc. They can also be contributions from an interdisciplinary perspective, including data analysis or the impact of artificial intelligence on the rights of clients of social services. We are looking for contributions that not only describe current problems, but that can also offer practical solutions or innovative approaches for the design of inclusive and fair policies.

3. Innovation and Technology for Entrepreneurship: Challenges and Opportunities for the Sustainable Development of the Rural Environment

COORDINATE: Isabel Saz-Gil, sazgil@unizar; Ana Gil-Lacruz, anagil@unizar.es; M.A. García-Madurga, madurga@unizar.es

The rapid evolution of artificial intelligence (AI) is catalyzing a paradigm shift in entrepreneurship and business model innovation in the context of the circular economy. This synergy offers unprecedented opportunities to address pressing environmental challenges while creating sustainable value. AI-powered circular entrepreneurship is emerging as a critical strategy for companies seeking to capitalize on sustainable opportunities. AI-powered platforms play a key role in this transformation by providing data-driven insights that improve understanding of consumer behavior, optimize product lifecycles and uncover new value streams. Integrating AI into circular strategies enables companies to develop regenerative models that not only minimize environmental impact and create resilient revenue streams, but also opens the door to significant opportunities in the area of health, and specifically occupational wellness.
The digital transformation of the rural environment must address as a priority challenge the persistent digital divide, which manifests itself not only in terms of infrastructure and connectivity, but also in the digital skills of the population. This gap acts as a barrier to the adoption of technological innovations and limits the potential for the development of entrepreneurial initiatives. Public policies should articulate comprehensive responses that combine infrastructure deployment with digital training programs, ensuring that technological transformation is truly inclusive and accessible to the entire rural population. Promoting well-being and health at work is fundamental in this digital transformation process.
In this context of rural digital transformation, the imperative need arises to address data management and governance as a critical element for territorial development. Rural communities face the dual challenge of harnessing the potential of data capitalism while preserving their digital autonomy. The implementation of public policies must ensure that rural digitization not only enhances innovation and entrepreneurship, but also safeguards the digital sovereignty of these territories. This implies developing regulatory frameworks that regulate the collection, ownership and use of data generated in the rural environment, ensuring that the value derived from these digital assets benefits the local communities themselves. Responsible data management in rural innovation projects must consider aspects such as privacy, security and local control of information, laying the foundations for inclusive and balanced digital development.
It is urgent to establish social links and focus on new digital opportunities. Innovations involve transformation where people are particularly affected such as in the areas of work and income, in addition to consumption, among others. Digital platforms, blockchains and other Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT) are the technologies with the greatest impact. So we must pay attention to the Digital factor from the local level (Digital + Local) as an essential combination.

Aims
- The aim is to know the impact of innovation and technology in the development of entrepreneurship projects with a projection:
-Local: projects adapted and applied to the singularities of each territory.
-Sustainable: with positive or no impact on the environment without the need for external assistance.
-Social: promoting the inclusion of young people, women and groups with different abilities and new talent.
-Innovative: applying new logics to traditional processes, generating new collaborations.
- The aim is to analyze the role of innovation in the management of people and their well-being as a key element in organizations.
- It is intended to deepen in the organizational mattering of innovation ecosystems to achieve knowledge sharing.
- It aims to identify and analyze concrete cases of implementation of AI and digital technologies in rural enterprises.
- To evaluate the impact of digital public policies on the development of rural innovation ecosystems.
- To analyze effective strategies to reduce the digital divide in rural environments.
- To evaluate the differential impact of gender in rural innovation projects.
- To identify mechanisms to strengthen the technological sovereignty of rural communities.
- It aims to explore how leadership influences the promotion of mental health and labor well-being in innovative ecosystems, highlighting its impact on organizational culture and resilience in the face of technological and economic changes.

Contribution profile
During 2023 and 2024 the proposers have collaborated with the Center for Territorial Innovation (CIT) Teruel and are collaborating with several universities in Colombia, through Campus Iberus, on leadership training and the role of AI for sustainable entrepreneurship. The works can be framed in: (1) Implementation and evaluation of territorial innovation projects based on AI and digital technologies; (2) Governance and data management models in rural innovation ecosystems; (3) Analysis of the impact of digital public policies on rural entrepreneurship; (4) Public-private collaboration strategies for territorial innovation; and (5) Methodologies for measuring the social and economic impact of rural innovation projects. Mixed methodologies (qualitative and quantitative), present measurable results of implemented initiatives, or propose innovative theoretical frameworks for the analysis of rural innovation ecosystems will be valued. Contributions that address methodologies for integrating the promotion of health and well-being in rural development projects will be especially valued. Papers may derive both from experiences linked to ILCs and other relevant initiatives (national and international), with special interest in collaborations developed within the framework of the Iberus Campus and partnerships with Latin American universities.

4. Resistances, creativities and vulnerabilities in the platform economy.

CHAIR: : J. David Moral-Martín, jdavidmoralm@unizar.es; David Pac Salas, davidpac@unizar.es, Pablo Sanz de Miguel, p.sanz@unizar.es.

In recent decades, the global free trade system, or capitalism, has experienced a significant transformation with the emergence and consolidation of the so-called gig or contract modality. This novel form of profit generation is accompanied by numerous initiatives fostered by new technologies, which configure what has been called platform economy (Srnicek, 2018), while generating a business model that stands out for its ability to mediate between different user groups through digital technologies, and which is described both by its utility, as "two-sided" (Tirole, 2017, p. 406) since it allows buyers and sellers to interact continuously, and by its opportunity to redefine socio-economic, business management, labor, and, by extension, global consumption patterns (Kenney and Zysman, 2016).
A t the societal change level, the mentioned platform economy has even been compared to the great transformations brought by previous industrial revolutions throughout our recent history, so for some this is "4.0: The new industrial revolution" (Bianchi, 2020), as under the aegis of digitalization, a new way of managing manufacturing, product production, and service provision has emerged, but also of consuming them. A new capitalism modality in which data are fundamental (Alonso and Fernández Rodríguez, 2021) and which is characterized by the dependence of its business models based on information technology and the Internet (Srnicek, 2018).
This has a direct impact on business management, where there are multiple warning signs regarding the uncritical and dehumanized intervention of logarithmic functions. In this sense, Abdelnour and Méda (2019) with their book "When Your Boss is an App" warn us about changes in decision-making that affect the labor collective, understanding that it tries to undermine labor rights, or the attempt to de-commodify the workforce in Polanyi's opinion, because the digital is redefining the units of time and space that have historically characterized work. However, this issue had already been raised in the 19th century in various parts of the world, when a skilled worker acted as an intermediary for their employer and distributed and divided work among other workers, although the intervention, being arbitrary, remained human.
However, as platforms like Amazon, JustEats, and Uber reconfigure the traditional economic structure, there are logical concerns about job precariousness and equity (Ravenelle, 2019). Thus, these novel ways of applying new technologies to the goods and services market, characterized by rapid growth, are contributing to reconfiguring part of labor relations, at least those hitherto hegemonic, by proposing an alternative system in which some collective social achievements are questioned. This reconfiguration of a part of the economy is having a controversial impact on employment conditions, by promoting the proliferation of precarious and intermittent jobs and the worsening of working conditions for some of its participants.
Moreover, several authors argue that this metamorphosis of work cannot be understood without considering the fundamental role played by consumption. With this incorporation, they try to alert about the impact that the current consumption activity is having on humanity. A change process and environmental pressure that, given its impact, must be voluntarily incorporated into the environmental pressure exercised by humans and which has been defined as the Anthropocene (Crutzen, Py Stoermer, 2000).
Thus, while Kenney and Zysman (2016) highlight the opportunities for value creation and efficiency of platforms, Alonso and Fernández Rodríguez (2021) offer a critical perspective, suggesting that transformations in consumption and lifestyles are crucial to understanding the configuration of this economic model. This expanded analysis provides a more balanced framework for discussing both the benefits and challenges that the platform economy has imposed on the economic and social fabric, underlining the need for policies that foster both innovation and labor protection.
In this uncertain and disconcerting context, a profound change is occurring in social structures, whose characteristics seem to focus on an economic model that seeks to continue the main lines of a neoliberalism strongly questioned since 2011, whose beginning we situate with Occupy Wall Street, which is based on maintaining "a creed that rewards free trade and the free circulation of capital, goods, and people. Celebrates deregulation as an economic good that derives from preventing governments from interfering in the functioning of markets" (Gerstle, 2023: 17).
All of this must be linked to an attempt to fragilize collective organizations for a large number of citizens. However, and almost paradoxically, the attempt to fragment and atomize these workers has provoked bottom-up responses, in such a way that it has made possible the emergence of collective and creative resistance strategies proposed by certain groups of affected workers (Moral-Martín, Pac and Minguijón, 2023; Moral-Martín, Pac and Minguijón, 22), some of them based on the creation of alternative worker platforms (Grohmann, 2023).
In this sense, and by way of example, we have seen how riders develop strategies, tricks, and methods in the food delivery sector (Bergua, Montañes and Baez; 2023). We have also analyzed the case of platform cooperativism in home food delivery, defining creative resistance (Moral-Martín, Pac and Minguijón, 2022).

Aims
The objectives of this group are to deepen the understanding of resistances, creativities, and vulnerabilities that emerge in the platform economy, focusing on how these phenomena reconfigure environmental, business, consumption, labor, and cultural relations within organizations. As well as sharing all types of academic research works that study platform economy in various sectors, either theoretically or applied, with the issues we have previously presented.

Contribution Profile
We expect contributions based on different themes, although all of them connected by the issue of creative resistance and vulnerability in the platform economy environment. Specifically, we will receive contributions based on the following issues:
- Socio-environmental changes,
- Transformation in business organization,
- Modifications in labor relations and work environments within these platforms from various disciplines of social sciences: economics, sociology, anthropology, among other disciplines.
- Variations in collective consumption practices.
- Occupational Safety and Health aspects in platforms.
F inally, we prioritize works that offer a critique of the challenges these platforms impose on organizational structures and that illuminate the cultural impacts of emerging changes, highlighting both the vulnerabilities created and the creativities and resistances that arise in response to these challenges.

5. Citizen Science and Data Ownership: Reflections from Projects and Good Practices.

CHAIR: Patricia Eugenia Almaguer Kalixto, Coordinator of the ODS Rural Labs Project. almaguer@unizar.es, Margarita Maass Moreno, UNAM Mexico, Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Sciences and Humanities. margarita_maass@yahoo.com.mx

In this session, we seek the sociological analysis of citizen science experiences as a contribution to the design and analysis of public policies. Citizen science is a collaborative process in which volunteers partner with scientists to conduct and develop research. We seek to discuss how such processes lead to group and community empowerment.
We explore the topic of digital processes in the context of citizen science and data ownership in the context of sociological research. How can citizen science contribute to social policies? What reflections should we make regarding the protection and ownership of data from participants?
Special attention is paid to methodological challenges and dilemmas, since citizen science is primarily inter and transdisciplinary, involving different levels of practical and theoretical knowledge, scientific debate, coding, and co-decision. We want to place particular emphasis on reflections that can emerge from projects and good practices related to the management, ownership, and protection of generated data, as well as participants' data.

Aims
The objective of the working group is to foster the exchange of experiences and reflection based on them, particularly on the topic of data protection and ownership, transparency, and dissemination in accessible formats for society.
As proposed in the conference framework, we seek interdisciplinary approaches that combine sociological theory with ideas from fields such as law, economics, computing, social work, or political science. By fostering dialogue between diverse perspectives, we aim to develop a nuanced understanding of these complex issues and their present and future implications for public and social policies.

Contribution Profile
- Promoting public participation in citizen social sciences
- Scientific literacy and social empowerment
- Catalyzing social innovation with scientific frameworks
- Facilitating transparency and trust in science
- Inclusivity in knowledge production
- Ethical considerations in citizen science
- Data collection, protection, and data ownership

6. SDGs and Social Innovation in Rural Environments in Digital Divide Contexts

CHAIR: Rubén Sanz Salgado. Youth Technician in Campo de Daroca Region rsanzsalgado@gmail.com, Pedro José Escriche Bueno pescrich@unizar.es University of Zaragoza / International Rural Studies and Agriculture Center (CERAI)

The integration of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and the 2030 Agenda in rural areas is, objectively, slower than in urban spaces. There are fundamental challenges to promoting sustainable rural communities in accordance with the SDG perspective and rights-based approach: aspects such as service coverage, social revitalization, care provision, resource access, future scenarios for youth population, and reducing depopulation continue to be challenges that need to be linked to informed policies supported by new social diagnoses through an SDG lens.
If sustainability implies achieving a level of development that satisfies present needs without compromising the capabilities of future generations, it is fundamental to analyze and improve pueblo-city relations in a more constructive manner. Therefore, it is necessary to reflect on digital sovereignty and internet access and its implication in service access. Information technologies today allow the exchange of experiences, knowledge, and methodologies, so this session proposes to be a space for both critical analysis and good practices where local social agents inhabiting rural spaces can share, through their presentations, information and experience to inform the necessary transformations in public and social policy spheres concerning rural spaces and the intersection of the digital access factor that facilitates or hinders it.
This roundtable seeks the presentation of social innovation experiences in rural environments through formats adapted to the context. We expect proposals linked to social innovation process experiences, participatory action research, in the field of public and social policies, programs and/or projects linking ad hoc service design, experiences aimed at training people, groups, and/or collectives to stimulate improvement processes in quality of life in economic, care, educational, and other dimensions, all with a clear connection to rural environments.
We do not want a typical presentation; we want the conference preparation to be a process where we establish prior contact to maximize the potential of the encounter. Therefore, we want to promote collaborative work to get to know the proposals and experiences beforehand so that participation in the congress can be maximized to ask different types of questions and create synergies.

Aims
- Debate and reflect on the role of social innovation in rural and peri-urban environments, integrating concepts such as territory, identity, production, and/or digital access.
- Analyze good practices being carried out to make rural communities more sustainable, just, and inclusive through social policies linking SDGs and social innovation and the use of digital technologies to enhance these processes.
- Strengthen analysis networks to discuss the challenges and difficulties of promoting SDGs and the 2030 Agenda in rural environments based on international experiences.

Contribution Profile
We expect proposals linked to reflections on digital sovereignty in rural environments, experiences of social innovation processes, programs and/or projects linking beneficiary sector involvement and ad hoc service design, related to the Sustainable Development Goals and with a reflection on the difficulties of these processes in digital divide contexts.

7. Education in the Digital Era: Policies, Practices, and Inequalities

CHAIR: Tatiana Íñiguez Berrozpe, tatianai@unizar.es; Carmen Elboj Saso, celboj@unizar.es

The digitalization of education has profoundly transformed policies, practices, and structures in the school environment, bringing both opportunities and challenges for educational equity and social cohesion. This panel proposes a critical reflection on the dynamics emerging in the digital era, addressing how educational technologies, public policies, and pedagogical practices influence overcoming inequalities and constructing an inclusive school coexistence. Nevertheless, the panel is open to different themes related to the sociology of education, as specified below.
First, one of the approaches of this panel can be the issue of social inequalities in digital education. The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted and exacerbated pre-existing gaps related to access to technological resources, internet, and adequate learning spaces. As schools become digitalized, questions arise about how educational policies can mitigate these inequalities. The transition towards hybrid and online models may be benefiting certain sectors while leaving behind students from disadvantaged environments.
Secondly, proposals can also analyze power and control relationships in the digital school environment. The growing influence of digital platforms and data collection has altered the traditional dynamics in classrooms, introducing new forms of educational surveillance and control over learning processes. Interventions in this panel can address how these dynamics impact school coexistence, pedagogical decision-making, and relationships between different educational actors, including teachers, students, and families.
Additionally, the panel will seek to incorporate a critical perspective on gender inequalities in the context of education in the information society. For example, addressing the manosphere and its effect on youth, digital gender violence among adolescents, the gender digital divide, and other relevant issues can be approached from different perspectives that have education as a transversal axis.
Finally, the panel will address the impact of digitalization on school coexistence and the construction of inclusive communities. As classrooms and other social interaction spaces transform into hybrid environments, new forms of coexistence emerge that require a deeper understanding of dynamics, conflicts, and opportunities for developing inclusive coexistence practices.
Overall, this panel proposes itself as a space for interdisciplinary dialogue, with the intention of offering a comprehensive look at the complexities of education in the digital era and the information society.

Aims
1. Analyze social inequalities in access and use of digital resources in the educational field.
2. Examine power and control dynamics introduced by digitalization in the school environment.
3. Explore the role of education and digitalization in constructing inclusive school coexistence and overcoming gender inequalities

Contribution Profile
The panel invites exploration of case studies, quantitative analyses, qualitative analyses, and ethnographic approaches that offer an evidence-based vision of these issues. We invite researchers to present works that explore policies, practices, and inequalities from diverse perspectives, thus contributing to a deeper and more critical understanding of the challenges and opportunities faced by education in the 21st century.

8. Development Perspectives for Cross-Border Tourism through Digital Means

CHAIR: Blanca Vidao Teruel, blancavidao@gmail.com; Lida Fernanda Estepa Rodríguez, 894216@unizar.es

The world has changed; we find ourselves in a "post-covid" context of transformations accelerated by the COVID-19 pandemic. During this period, tourism was one of the most affected sectors where European mobility was restricted. Today, the tourism industry represents 10% of the European Union's GDP and continues to be a growing sector. Following the impacts of the health crisis, the EU adopted a new tourism strategy aimed at a dual ecological and digital transition.
In recent times, the EU has realized that it needs to have infrastructure-level independence, and this concerns digital sovereignty and data use. Ecological and digital sovereignty through infrastructure should be a way to specify European sovereignty in other areas, generating autonomy, ensuring young populations remain in territories, and ultimately contributing to social welfare and people's quality of life. Thanks to this infrastructure, tourists will be able to access high-speed internet, which can be leveraged by local tourism operators to create digital tourism experiences, such as developing their own virtual reality experiences, among others.
Moreover, the technological revolution of artificial intelligence has affected society as a whole. Gradually, AI is integrating into the tourism field, a competitive sector open to innovation. Tourist demand is evolving, with new travel experiences being valued and customers having different expectations. According to the World Tourism Organization (2024), AI represents a paradigm shift in tourism destination management, "from optimizing visitor flows and mitigating environmental effects to preserving cultural heritage and promoting community participation, AI is decisive in opening new perspectives towards tourism sustainability".
Due to political and private sector momentum, Aragon has data centers that are being consolidated. In fact, Aragon intends to create the Amazon Web Services Hub. Under this approach, there are development opportunities for the region in different economic planes. These human development opportunities cannot remain in the technological infrastructure sector but must have the possibility of expanding to other sectors, allowing the territory to have sustainable development, not only environmentally but also in diversifying different productive sectors, including tourism. Precisely, Aragon is characterized as a national inland tourism destination and has the possibility of offering a cross-border environmental tourism, rich in natural, cultural, and historical diversity. In this line, major regional projects have emerged that aim to develop intelligent tourism and, through AI, open new doors to the transformation of snow and mountain tourism sectors.

Aims
The general objectives of the working group are as follows:
- Know the possibilities of AI in the tourism sector
- Assess AI as a work tool for tourism professionals
- Review global and novel trends in the technological and tourism field
- Relate AI to some tourism typologies (cultural, natural, etc.)
- Investigate the legal framework of AI and tourism
- Develop cross-border tourism sustainably in Aragon

Contribution Profile
The contributions presented must necessarily be related to tourism, whether from different branches of knowledge in social or human sciences. Different perspectives on the topic are admitted, including sociological, legal, political science, economic, geographical, and historical approaches. As well as other related disciplines that particularly address social impacts.
The working group aims to provide different approaches to the studied topic, reviewing and updating available information from critical and constructive thinking. Proposals must generate knowledge about artificial intelligence and tourism, especially in the Aragonese and cross-border context. Interdisciplinary and international profiles, the quality and relevance of contributions, and finally, respect for ethical norms in related research will be valued.

9. Accessibility, Public Policies, and Digital Sovereignty

CHAIR: Marta Mira-Aladrén, mmira@unizar.es; Raquel Casanovas-López, rcasanovas@unizar.es

The expansion of Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems poses a challenge for the general population concerning issues such as algorithmic bias or ethical dilemmas surrounding protection, information, and training about our data. These challenges increase, both in software and hardware access, for people belonging to vulnerable groups, such as people with disabilities or the elderly, among others.
The opacity of data systems, the technology orientation under a capacitist prism, the lack of training regarding its use and the impact of our actions in the digital medium, or the protection and right to privacy, non-discrimination, freedom, or education, generate difficulties.
In this context, what some authors call the "safeguarding dystopia" comes into play, where technology seems to be required to protect against its own risks, abandoning the human aspect and putting surveillance versus security and rights in contradiction. Therefore, it seems necessary to rethink a systemic approach that includes reinforcing mental health services, training, guidance, and support, prioritizing intervention. Considering, moreover, that technological determinism can mask other risk factors associated with harmful behaviors in the physical realm, such as discrimination on grounds of disability.
In this sense, support among agents and work between training, intervention, and technology are fundamental to eliminate barriers and risks for these vulnerable groups and progress towards a more democratic digital society. Thus, it is essential to advance in actions such as greater transparency and easy-to-read access to public policies, more and better training for technology use, studying potential biases with which AI begins, and the tools derived from it, and analyzing the dilemmas these issues pose in intervention, especially in protecting children or adults who require legal support measures. And, ultimately, to bet on public and social policies that favor accessibility to rights both inside and outside the digital realm.
However, this approach opens debates around risk, safety, or freedom, as well as rethinking training and the constant readjustment of knowledge in these types of technologies currently demanded of professionals like social workers or teachers and which are not always sufficient. Ultimately, it leads to questioning: Is the digital medium accessible? Should policies around accessibility in this medium be modified? Who and how should work to improve this accessibility? Are there successful interventions that allow progress in this area? Do professionals sufficiently understand these tools? What relationship exists between data capitalism and capacitism? Is the maximum potential being leveraged to offer accessibility in contexts such as formal and non-formal education?

Aims
a) Discuss and theorize around capacitism and data capitalism.
b) Expose the problems faced by vulnerable groups regarding accessibility.
c) Collect practical experiences of programs, projects, or actions linked to these situations.
d) Know good practices related to benefits obtained using AI with vulnerable groups.
e) Strengthen analysis networks to discuss the challenges and difficulties of promoting accessibility in digital public policies.

Contribution Profile
From this group, we expect to receive both theoretical and empirical and/or practice-related works, either completed or in process, but which maintain methodological rigor. Regarding the theme, works aimed at analyzing issues linked to accessibility beyond the digital medium and that contribute to defining the concept of accessibility will be accepted. These contributions can be approached from the perspective of sociology, social work, education (formal and non-formal), occupational therapy, systems engineering, ethics, and law, among others. In this way, the aim is to broaden the debate and perspectives of the working group.

10. Tourism, Digitalization, and Public Policies

CHAIR: Pablo Redondo Mora, predondo@unizar.es; Alberto Serrano Andrés, aserranoandres@unizar.es

Digitalization is transforming tourism, promoting diversification and the development of differentiated tourist products. From the consumer's perspective, digitalization allows tourists to organize and personalize their trips more autonomously, using technologies before, during, and after their travels to enhance their experience. Tools like virtual reality enable tourists to explore attractions from their homes, which can influence their travel decisions and enrich their experience. Social networks also play a crucial role in how tourists share and discover experiences, influencing their travel decisions and destination promotion.
The use of digital technologies also allows businesses to better manage resources and have greater responsiveness to market demands. Additionally, they offer new opportunities for tourist destinations, facilitating the promotion of new destinations and products.
In this way, digitalization has contributed to economic growth in regions where tourism is a key industry, improving competitiveness and attracting more visitors. In low-population density areas, it has also facilitated the development of differentiated tourism offerings, such as rural, sports, bird-watching tourism, etc.
Digitalization can also be a driver for sustainable tourism development, improving operational efficiency, promoting ecological destinations, and enriching the tourist experience.
However, digitalization also presents some challenges that must be addressed. On one hand, a digital divide continues to exist that limits the ability of certain tourist destinations to fully benefit from digital technologies, which can restrict their development. Similarly, the digital divide remains a barrier for certain population groups who do not have access to technology benefits and see their tourist experience limited.
On the other hand, it is also necessary to address challenges related to collaboration between stakeholders, such as tourism service providers, technology companies, and public administrations.
Likewise, the collection and analysis of large volumes of data by major platforms linked to the tourism sector raise concerns about tourist information privacy and security.In conclusion, it is necessary to investigate the consequences of digitalization on tourism from social sciences and public policy perspectives to promote the development of inclusive, ethical, and sustainable destinations and tourist products.

Aims
- Analyze the influence of digitalization on tourism
- Assess the social, legal, economic, and environmental impacts of tourism on host societies
- Understand tourism promotion strategies for local development

Contribution Profile
- Social, cultural, and environmental sustainability of tourism
- Tourism, governance, and local development
- Social consequences of tourism
- Innovation in tourism management and promotion
- Legal implications of tourism
- New tourism trends
- Labor market in the tourism sector
- Representations, imaginaries, and images of tourism
- Tourism and public policies
- Tourism, sustainability, local development, digitalization

11. Cybersecurity and public policy: social reality analysis for security.

CHAIR: Francisco Trujillo Pacheco, ftrujillo@unizar.es, Centro Universitario de la Defensa en Zaragoza
María Vílchez Vivanco, mvilchezv@ugr.es, Dpto. de Ciencia Política, Universidad de Granada

Cybersecurity and public policies have gained increasing relevance in an increasingly interconnected world, where digitalization has become a pillar of the economy, communication and access to essential services. The need to protect information, systems and critical infrastructure poses both technical and social challenges, and requires public policies that understand and respond to the social reality in which they are implemented. Data becomes a source of desire and a key element.
Cybersecurity encompasses not only protection against direct attacks on computer systems, but also the preservation of fundamental rights, such as privacy and individual security, in a digital environment. The digital transformation of public and private services, accelerated by phenomena such as the pandemic, has widened the surface of exposure to cyberattacks, which not only affect companies and governments, but also individuals. In this context, public policies must adopt a comprehensive approach that considers both the technical risks and the social factors involved in cybersecurity.
One of the key aspects in the design of public policies for cybersecurity is the analysis of the social reality in which they operate. People without adequate access to technology or information are less aware of security risks and, therefore, more susceptible to threats such as phishing or online fraud. In this sense, cybersecurity policies should include digital education and public awareness programs, ensuring that all citizens have the necessary skills to protect themselves in the digital environment.
In addition, the development of effective cybersecurity policies requires collaboration between different actors, such as the public sector, the private sector and civil society. Artificial intelligence is a field that needs to be developed and analyzed related to creativity and critical thinking in university students. Public-private partnerships allow knowledge and resources to be shared, improving the capacity to respond to security incidents. Likewise, the participation of civil society is essential for these policies to respect users' rights and maintain public trust.
Finally, cybersecurity needs constant updating, given the rapid technological progress and the evolution of threats. Public policies must be flexible and adapt to these changes, incorporating continuous assessment frameworks to detect new vulnerabilities and respond quickly. Thus, a cybersecurity policy that is well grounded in the analysis of social reality not only protects infrastructures and data, but also promotes a safer, more informed and resilient society in the face of digital challenges.

Aims
1) To learn about public policies on cybersecurity.
2)To debate on the situation of cybersecurity in public policies.
3)To investigate the relationship between cybersecurity and citizenship.
4)Analyze the security situation at national and international level.
5)Use of artificial intelligence applied to the development of Creativity and Critical Thinking in university education.

Contribution Profile
Proposals are expected that explore how cybersecurity is articulated in the public policy arena, considering its social impact and the protection of citizens' rights. Studies may address from the design of inclusive strategies that minimize the digital divide to the collaboration between governments, businesses and civil society in the response to cyber threats. Research on adaptive policies in the face of technological change and analysis on digital education, promoting security that reflects current social and technological realities, will also be valued. Contributions are expected in the field of:
- Cybersecurity
- Security and defense
- Public Policy
- Perception of security
- Security geopolitics and geostrategy
- Artificial intelligence applications that analyze creativity and critical thinking.
These can come from different fields of research such as sociology, political science, law, psychology, international relations, social work, etc... and are open to professionals in the public and private sector, as well as students interested in the subject.

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